Ankle sprain, also known as a twisted ankle, is a common injury which occurs when one or more ligaments of the joint are torn or stretched. It is usually a result of forceful movement of the joint, which causes the ligaments and tendons in the joint to stretch beyond their normal range of motion. The injury can also be caused due to fall or sudden twisting of the joint. Most ankle sprains occur during sports activities, slipping or walking on an uneven surface.
Symptoms
- Swelling and bruising
- Pain and tenderness
- Numbness and stiffness in the foot
- Inability to bear weight on the joint
- Restricted range of motion
- Popping sound at the time of injury
Causes
- Weak muscles and ligaments in the ankle joint can make it vulnerable to sprains.
- Awkward planting of foot during activities like running, jumping, walking or getting out of bed.
- Running or walking on an uneven surface can cause the ankle to twist and lead to sprain.
- Sudden fall on a twisted ankle.
- Prior ankle injuries can weaken the muscles, tendons and the ligaments in the joint, which can cause sprains even due to slightest pressure.
Diagnosis
Ankle sprain is diagnosed by a thorough physical examination of the joint. The doctor examines symptoms like swelling, pain and stiffness and also looks for bruises on the affected foot. The patient may also be suggested to get an X-ray done to diagnose the cause and severity of the ankle sprain.
Treatment
The physician at the urgent care center may recommend R.I.C.E. therapy to treat ankle sprain. It includes the following 4 steps:
- Rest: This involves giving ample rest to the affected joint.
- Ice: Icing the affected joint can be helpful in reduction of swelling, redness and warmth.
- Compress: To help compress the injured joint, the doctor may also wrap it with bandages.
- Elevate: Keeping the affected joint elevated above heart level can help in easing the symptoms.
The doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory medicines to minimize pain. Certain muscle strengthening exercises may be recommended by the doctor to regain movement in the affected foot. Physical therapy can also be helpful in reducing joint stiffness and instability as well as restoring its normal movement. Braces or crutches can be used to support the ankle and restrict its movement while it heals. Surgery may be needed if the ligaments in the ankle are severely damaged.
Ankle sprains are often considered to be a minor injury but you must consult your nearest urgent care center for proper treatment and prevent the condition from worsening.
